Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Yükseköğretim Kurumları Destekli Proje, BAP Diğer, 2020 - 2021
"Extensive research has shown that mother’s postpartum depression is an important risk factor for the family functioning and psychosocial development of the children.1, 2 Although fathers are perceived as an integral part of the family system, very little attention has been paid to measure paternal depression and its possible psychological correlates among new fathers. 3,4 Preliminary evidence suggested that more than 10 % of fathers suffered from postpartum depression.5 Besides, paternal depression is associated with impaired father-child bonding,6 maternal depression,7,8 dysfunctional parenting 9, 10 and marital discord.11 In fact, manifestation of depression was suggested to be different for new mothers and fathers due to psychological, social and cultural reasons. 12, 13 Accordingly, profound sadness, anxiety, irritability and troubled sleeping were suggested to be classic symptoms of post-partum depression for new mothers. By contrast, anger attacks, self-criticism, exhaustion, drug/alcohol abuse and rigid affect is more akin to paternal post-partum depression.14, 15 Concordantly, existing depression scales (e.g. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Beck Depression Inventory) are criticized for only capturing maternal depressive symptoms while ignoring symptoms more specific to paternal postpartum depression16. Thus, the main aim of the current study is to develop a reliable and valid paternal postpartum depression scale. Secondly, preliminary analyses will be conducted to understand mediating roles of parenting stress and marital adjustment on the relation between father’s attachment and paternal depressive symptoms. Finally, the moderating role of maternal depression on the proposed mediation path will be tested. The current study will be conducted through two sequential steps. In the first step, 15 moderately or highly depressed father will be recruited based on their scores on Beck Depression Inventory (BD). Later, semi structured interviews will be conducted to understand lived experiences of these clinically depressed fathers. Obtained data will be analyzed by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis and an item pool representing depressive experiences of those new fathers will be constructed by a research team. In the second step, 350 new fathers and mothers will be recruited from Pediatric Clinics of state hospitals in Trabzon and social media platforms which newly parents actively use such as parenthood groups, forums and websites. While fathers will be given BDI, Parent Stress Index (PSI), Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R) and the newly developed depression scale, mothers will be given Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). To examine psychometric properties of the paternal postpartum depression scale, Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses will be performed. Besides, correlational analyses will be run among the scores of the new paternal depression scale, BDI, SWLS and EPDS to further investigate construct validity. Later, a moderated mediation analysis will be conducted by using PROCESS software to investigate mediating roles of parenting stress and marital adjustment on the relation between father’s attachment and paternal depressive symptoms, and the moderator role of maternal depression on the relationship between parenting stress and paternal depression, and marital adjustment and paternal depression."